Contents

Cover Image: mTOR colocalizes with the Golgi apparatus. Colocalization of mTOR and the Golgi apparatus in Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (HVSMC). Wild type mTOR (Flag-mTOR/pBJ5) was overexpressed in HVSMC by electroporation. The localization of mTOR in HVSMCs was determined by immunofluorescent staining with an anti-mTOR antibody (red, Cell Signalling (#2972), Danvers, MA). Anti-Golgin-97 antibody was used to detect the Golgi apparatus (green, Molecular Probes (A-21270), Leiden, The Netherlands). Shown is an image captured by scanning confocal microscopy. The yellow color shows colocalization of mTOR with Golgi apparatus. DAPI was used for DNA staining (nuclear compartment). (Robert J. Wagner, Eva M. Rzucidlo, M.D.)

GUEST EDITORS Richard J. Powell, Anton N. Sidawy, Michael T. Watkins

Preface 1A

Richard J. Powell, MD, Anton N. Sidawy, MD, and Michael T. Watkins, MD, Lebanon, NH; Washington, DC; and Boston, Mass

Chapter 1 

Reviving the vascular surgeon–scientist: An interim assessment of the jointly sponsored Lifeline Foundation/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute William J. von Liebig Mentored Clinical Scientist Development (K08) Program 2A

Robert W. Thompson, MD, Beth Schucker, MS, K. Craig Kent, MD, Alexander W. Clowes, MD, Larry W. Kraiss, MD, John A. Mannick, MD, and James S. T. Yao, MD, St. Louis, Mo; Bethesda, Md; New York, NY; Seattle, Wash; Salt Lake City, Utah; Boston, Mass; and Chicago, Ill

Chapter 2 

Translational control in endothelial cells 8A

Peter B. Brant-Zawadzki, MD, Douglas I. Schmid, MD, Huimao Jiang, MD, Andrew S. Weyrich, MD, Guy A. Zimmerman, MD, and Larry W. Kraiss, MD, Salt Lake City, Utah

Chapter 3 

Smooth muscle cell signal transduction: Implications of vascular biology for vascular surgeons 15A

Akihito Muto, MD, PhD, Tamara N. Fitzgerald, MD, PhD, Jose M. Pimiento, MD, Stephen P. Maloney, MD, Desarom Teso, MD, Jacek J. Paszkowiak, MD, Tormod S. Westvik, MD, Fabio A. Kudo, MD, PhD, Toshiya Nishibe, MD, PhD, and Alan Dardik, MD, PhD, New Haven, Waterbury, and West Haven, Conn; and Toyoake, Aichi, Japan

Chapter 4 

Regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation 25A

Eva M. Rzucidlo, MD, Kathleen A. Martin, PhD, and Richard J. Powell, MD, Lebanon, NH

Chapter 5 

Integrin αvβ3 as a target in the prevention of neointimal hyperplasia 33A

Taku Kokubo, MD, Hisashi Uchida, MD, and Eric T. Choi, MD, St. Louis, Mo

Chapter 6 

Angiogenesis and vasculogenesis: Inducing the growth of new blood vessels and wound healing by stimulation of bone marrow–derived progenitor cell mobilization and homing 39A

Omaida C. Velazquez, MD, Philadelphia, Pa

Chapter 7 

The chemokine system in arteriogenesis and hind limb ischemia 48A

Paula K. Shireman, MD, San Antonio, Tex

Chapter 8 

Clinical, cellular, and molecular aspects of arterial calcification 57A

Raul J. Guzman, MD, Nashville, Tenn

Chapter 9 

The role of nitric oxide in the pathophysiology of intimal hyperplasia 64A

Sadaf S. Ahanchi, MD, Nick D. Tsihlis, PhD, and Melina R. Kibbe, MD, Chicago, Ill

Chapter 10 

Molecular engineering of vein bypass grafts 74A

Michael S. Conte, MD, Boston, Mass

Chapter 11 

Genomic and proteomic determinants of lower extremity revascularization failure: Rationale and study design 82A

Peter R. Nelson, MD, Kerri A. O’Malley, PhD, Robert J. Feezor, MD, Lyle L. Moldawer, PhD, and James M. Seeger, MD, Gainesville, Fla

Chapter 12 

Cytokines and the early vein graft: Strategies to enhance durability 92A

C. Keith Ozaki, MD, Gainesville, Fla

Chapter 13 

Tissue engineering applications to vascular bypass graft development: The use of adipose-derived stem cells 99A

Paul DiMuzio, MD, and Thomas Tulenko, PhD, Philadelphia, Pa

Chapter 14 

Novel thromboresistant materials 104A

Sumanas W. Jordan and Elliot L. Chaikof, MD, PhD, Atlanta, Ga

Chapter 15 

Molecular characterization of post-thrombotic syndrome 116A

Lornie J. Phillips II, MD, and Rajabrata Sarkar, MD, PhD, San Francisco, Calif

Chapter 16 

Assessing the effectiveness of endografts: Clinical and experimental perspectives 123A

Larisse K. Lee, MD, and Peter L. Faries, MD, New York, NY

Chapter 17 

Impact of outcomes research on the management of vascular surgery patients 131A

John E. Rectenwald, MD, and Gilbert R. Upchurch, Jr, MD, Ann Arbor, Mich

Chapter 18 

Functional outcome of critical limb ischemia 141A

Gregory J. Landry, MD, Portland, Ore

Chapter 19 

Percutaneous treatment of peripheral vascular disease: The role of diabetes and inflammation 149A

Louis L. Nguyen, MD, MBA, MPH, Boston, Mass

Chapter 20 

Randomized clinical trials: How will results influence clinical practice in the management of symptomatic and asymptomatic extracranial carotid occlusive disease? 158A

Robert W. Hobson II, MD, Newark, NJ